Keyword: Tattoo

The word 'tattoo' may seem like a word that is taboo and many times misunderstood. The dictionary meaning of tattoo is a permanent marking made by inserting ink into the layers of skin to change the pigment for decorations or other reasons. The definition may mean one thing but the reasons behind getting a tattoo are unique to each person.

Tattooing has been a Eurasian practice dating back to the fifty millennium B.C. Tattooing techniques began with hand pricking that is widely used in Japan and rubbing cuts and wounds with ash. With advances in technology the standard and common way to tattooing is with a tattoo machine that uses alternating electromagnetic coils that move a series of very thin needles up and down. Tattooing techniques and technology have come a long way with even ink that glows under a blue light such as the picture below.


The reason why I believe that the word tattoo should be a key word is because it is a word that is still widely misunderstood. From a personal experience, in my family the thought of getting a tattoo is forbidden. My mother believes that people with tattoos are bad influences that do drugs and are going no where in their lives. Many of my friend's parents have the same mentality as my mother. From a traditional and very conservative Chinese prospective, getting a tattoo is taboo that defaces your body. In my mother's eyes, getting a tattoo is just as bad as smoking and doing drugs.

In my eyes, tattooing has no connection with defacing one's body. People with one or many tattoos view their bodies as a canvas, similar to a painting, where one can express their uniqueness. It is a way to show their identity on their body whether one has a cross or like myself, Chinese lettering on their body. Whenever a person gets a tattoo, there is some meaning and reason behind it. For example, my brother has a quote in Chinese characters on his left shoulder blade. When my parents found out about this, they were contemplating to disown him and kick him out of the house. My brother being a very sensible person would not get a tattoo for any reason. His quote on his back is a memorial to his very close friend that passed away. He views his tattoo as a symbol that he will never forget about his friend because he will always be on my brother's back. He wanted to show his deceased friend that the pain of getting his tattoo was nothing compared to the pain that he felt when his best friend passed away. Similarly, I got my tattoo to signify my bonds with my friends. It took me three years to decide if I really wanted a tattoo and I took my time to do my research on the Chinese characters I have on my back. The decision to wait three years also allowed me to decide if I really wanted to get a tattoo or not.


The image above is of my first tattoo that I got on December 1, 2007. The Chinese characters translate to loyalty. The reason why I chose to get this word was to show a quality of my personality on my skin. It was a way to show my friends that I would always be loyal and trustworthy to them in good and bad times. It was meaningful to get my tattoo because all of my closest friends went with me to show them the minuscule amount of pain that I would take for them.

The reasons and meanings to why people get tattoos is very personal. In the show Miami Ink, every person that comes into the Miami Ink shop has a story to why they want to get a specific tattoo. Watching Miami Ink, one can see the touching stories of people getting tattoos to remember a loved one or to signify one's faith. Getting a tattoo from a tattoo artist also shows a sign of faith towards the tattoo artist to let him or her put something on one's body for the rest of his or her life.

Why should the word tattoo be a key word now? Tattoos have become increasingly popular since the twenty-first century. Many celebrities have been getting tattoos such as David Beckham's famous angel wings. As influential people in the media get more tattoos, fans become intrigued with getting tattoos. I believe that the purpose of getting tattoos are loosing its meaning. Teenagers follow trends and see that tattoos are popular but they loose the meaning of why to get a tattoo. Even though there is an increasing population of people getting tattoos to just have one, there are still people out there who get and have tattoos for their own personal and meaningful reasons. Tattoos and tattooing has been misunderstood by many generations and even banned in countries. Tattoos are mistaken to be a symbol of rebellion but in reality tattoos are a person's symbol and identity. Whether a person gets a tattoo just to follow the trend or to remember a loved one, tattooing is a growing trend that is evolving and a style that older more conservative generations must learn to accept.

References:
Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundations, Inc. July 30, 2008
You Tube. Google. July 30, 2008

UWP 101 Coming To An End

As the last days of UWP 101 get closer and closer, I remember the first day I went to class and thought that this class would be a typical composition class. I dreaded summer session I when I thought that the teacher would be a typical English teacher where he would tell us to read several books and write several essays. For being an engineering major, my fingers are typically on a calculator and not on a pencil writing an essay or on a book reading about how to become a better writer. Even when Mr. Schaberg told the class that the class would be his guinea pigs for his new prospective on teaching a class, I thought that we would have to write rigorous and lengthy blogs everyday. As summer continued I did not participate much in the class by voicing my opinion. I am the type of person to listen more then speak, and I view myself as someone who speaks when something needs to be said. Writing online gave me inspiration to express my thoughts online without the worries about raising my hand and speaking in front of random peers. Blogging aloud me to see how my peers responded to my thoughts and some helped me to polish my writing skills. As I read through my old posts I can see the evolution of my writing and my continuous problem of not capitalizing my "I's." Even though Mr. Schaberg wrote some lengthy comments on my blogs, his insight aloud me to see how I could express my thoughts more clearly. It was interesting to see the different backgrounds my fellow classmates came from and all the different views each of us had. I found classroom discussions to be very funny which is rare because there were no boundaries to the subjects we discussed about and we did not have to hold back from using foul language or not being afraid to talk about some gigantic testicles a person saw. After each class discussion, I was anxious to write in my blog, to my surprise. Writing in my blog aloud me to let a lot of my thoughts be put online where I could comment on my fellow classmates' thoughts. It was rigorous to get myself up so early everyday but the hour and a half of class seemed to pass by in a flash because of the interesting discussions the class had. Something that was very different from the writing classes that I had in my college career was the freedom the whole class had to say what was on their mind and to even pose questions to the rest of the class. Another unique quality that this class had was a student's opportunity to view everyone's unique style of writing and be able to voice one's opinion through a comment. Each person had a unique style of writing but we were aloud to write and relate what each of us was interested in. The option of comment on another person's blog to gain participation points was a plus as well for people such as myself who do not like to speak in class to have the same opportunity to get the same amount of points as a person who spoke frequently in class. All in all this class has changed my view about writing. In the past I dreaded writing classes and writing essays, but after this class I am confident to write at a level that I find to my liking. I would never think I would see the day where I would write seven hundred plus words about a subject, but my thoughts have changed.

The New Way To Fight Terrorism?

This is a post responding to Truman's post about the Segway. Wikipedia defines a segway as a two wheeled, self-balancing electric vehicle. Computers and motors located in the base of the segway allows the device to keep upright no matter how far a person leans forward or backwards. From a very laid back and lazy person, I see the segway as another device to aid people to become more lazy. The segway is different from a skateboard or a bicycle. Unlike a segway, a bicycle requires a person to pedal for the bicycle to get moving. Similarly a skateboard requires one to push off from the ground for the skateboard to move. The segway does not need any rigorous human motion from a person's legs or arms, just for one to lean forwards for the segway to move.

There have been several advances in human technology that has replaced or made travel more convenient for people such as an escalator and an elevator. An escalator somewhat replaces stairs because one just has to step onto an escalator for a person to move to another level of a building. Just like an escalator, an elevator can take you from the ground floor of a building to the very top floor of a building quicker then an escalator. The segway seems to be following in the footsteps as the escalator and the elevator. The segway is trying to replace walking. It would seem to be more convenient for a person to ride on a segway then walk to your destination, but for some parts of the world, the segway would create more problems. Within the bay area twenty five percent of children are considered medically obese. In the United States, twenty five percent of adults are obese in ten states. I do not believe that the segway will help with the obesity problem in the Uniter States. Segways is not only for civilians, but foreign powers are investigating the use of segways for defense as well


My friend showed me a picture of a police squad all on segways in a tactical formation. I looked up segways and defense on google and found out that China's military are trying out segways as a tool for defense. Chinese military officers demonstrated their skills at balancing and shooting on segways. The segway allows a police officer to hold both hands on their weapon while using their lower body to maneuver the segway. When I saw this picture, I thought the segway was a useless tool for the military. Maneuvering around in a segway leaves a soldier wide open because the soldier has to be at a constant height to move around the segway. From looking at the picture, if a terrorist or rioter gets close enough to an officer on a segway, that violator could easily take down the officer off of the segway and even obtain the officer's weapons. Also the segway can not move left to right and moving diagonally would create awkward and difficult positions for an officer to shoot from. In my opinion, the segway would be an impractically accessory for an officer and would not benefit an officer unless he or she is too lazy to walk around to keep the peace.

Segways have become somewhat popular. Shaquille O'neil was seen on a segway when he was showing is illustrious house on the MTV show Cribs. The segway was seen on the big screen when it was seen being ridden on the movie Iron Man. I believe it is difficult to make the segway popular because I believe it looks scary to ride on and also it is quite costly to purchase. As seen in television shows and movies, it seems that only the rich, famous, and powerful are the owns who are able to purchase segways. This does not mean that the upper class are lazy and buy segways to replace walking, it is that rich people have the money to buy segways and indulge in extraneous items. I personally would never buy a segway because it seems impractically. It would be useful if one were to walk a long distance and use a segway instead, but a car would do the same job faster then riding on a segway. Another reason why I could never purchase a segway is if there were only stairs in a building, a segway would become useless to go up a flight of stairs. Maybe in the future they will create a segway that can go from left to right and even go up stairs, but for now, I would stick to walking instead of using a segway.

As I was looking through the pictures in my computer that I have taken with my cell phone, many memories become vivid as I remember when I took each picture. A group of pictures caught my eye as I was searching through my photo album, the picture above. Looking at this picture for the first time, one may assume that I caused the damage on this car. In reality, this Honda Civic is my best friend's brother's car. One may ask how did this type of destruction was caused on this car, I shall give some background of how this tragedy occurred.

The night before my last final during spring quarter of 2007, I received a phone call from one of my good friends informing me that my best friend Kris had just gotten into an accident. This was also the night before my friends and I were going to go to Lake Tahoe to celebrate the end of a school year. Before I could panic my friend predicted that I was going to drive straight back to San Francisco right away and skip my final, but my friend told me not to worry because Kris was not injured. After my final I rushed home and went straight to the hospital to see my friend lying in a hospital bed with a broken tibia and tibia. To make matters even worse I thought Kris crashed his own car but I found out that he was driving his brother's car. This took a toll on all my friends and I because that Honda Civic meant more to us then just a regular car. We all put in time and effort to make that car the way it was. It took us about two years to get the car to where it was and have it be crashed within an instant.

The next day I went to Kris' brother's house to check out the car and saw the damage done by the car. It was painful to see the car in that condition and it was even more painful to take a picture of the car. Every time I look through my pictures in my phone i see the pictures of the battered car and it pains me to see our project car be destroyed. It may seem strange to some people to think it is painful to see someone else's car destroyed but each person in my group of friends had a special place for that car. It was a four cylinder monster that could beat any muscle car on the streets. We took joy in seeing the accomplishment that was that car. Although Kris' brother was nine years older then us, the car connected his generation to ours because we shared the same passion. There was no age gap whenever all of us would work on the car or take joy rides in it. That car will be sorely missed.

Going off subject to the car, I wanted to make a point about a subject we were talking about in class but I did not get the chance to say my opinion. The class was discussing how the food industry does disgusting things to their food products to make their burgers look more appealing during commercials. Food industries such as Carl's Jr. would paint nail polish on the sesame seed buns to make the seeds look shiny and appetizing. The food industry is not the only companies that make their products seem more appealing then they really are. Car companies also create commercials that would make a car seem more appealing then it really is. Since there is a growing sense of going green, car companies have made their cars more "gas friendly" by saying their cars get an average of twenty-five miles per gallon or more. This is true only because car companies test our their cars in optimal conditions and test their cars at fifty-five miles per hour to obtain their statistics on their cars' average miles per gallon. In reality, cars get about five miles less per gallon because people drive on the highway and on the streets, up hills, and in bumper to bumper traffic. These conditions reduce gas mileage drastically. From a personal example, my car is supposed to get thirty-two miles to the gallon on a highway and street based driving. My average gas mileage has been more at twenty-five miles to the gallon on highway and street combined since I got my car. Thus, do not be fooled by the extravagant car commercials displaying their cars to be gas efficient when in reality they are not.

Postal Workers Having A Bad Day?

Ashley's recent post describes the poor work ethics of FedEx and UPS workers. On her posts she has two videos of two different FedEx and/or UPS workers handling packages carelessly and being caught on camera. The first video shows a UPS workers kicking and throwing packages around in his truck with no care of the damage he might have done to the packages being tossed around carelessly. The second video in her blog shows a delivery man tossing a package towards the front door like it was a baseball. Although these two videos may show two instances where delivery workers doing their job inappropriately mishandling packages, I personally believe that not all delivery workers take their job so carelessly. One of my close friend's father is a FedEx workers and he says he has never been so careless with his packages. It is a mistake to believe that all postal workers treat customers' packages so carelessly. I believe the employees that were caught on camera were workers having a bad day and took it out on the packages they were delivering. Even if they were having a bad day, there is no excuse to take it out on their packages but one can not help do think carelessly while emotional. I personally have never received a package battered. My mother even orders very fragile Swarovski Crystals online and has the packages delivered to our house by FedEx or UPS. None of the Crystals she ordered have never been broken or damaged. Ashley also discusses the fact that packages are rarely delivered on time. People must take into consideration that delivery companies such as FedEx and UPS have millions of packages to deliver everyday and one has to be patient for their package to arrive. If people were to complain about their tardy packages, I would not be surprised that FedEx and UPS employees treat customer packages so carelessly. One should never complain at a person who is taking care of your food, packages, or any item one is receiving.

Google

Everyday when I go to my computer to serf the web i double click Mozilla Firefox to take me to my homepage, Google. The search engine that is Google has a plain web page with the classic Google logo with each letter in different colors. Under the Google logo there is the search bar where one can serf the web by simply typing what he or she is trying to search for. On the top right of the web page is various links that, if clicked on, can make your search more specific. The links include web, images, maps, news, shopping, mail, and more. If a person wanted to search for just a picture, one could just click on the images link and type in what he or she wanted to find in the search bar and only images would appear. Under the search bar there is a link for one to go to the online Google store where one can purchase Google related merchandise and souvenirs. Below the Google store link, there is another link that connects you to another page giving one more information about the search engine. On the top right hand side of the page gives one links to his/her personal information and settings. The Google main web page may seem plain and simple, but Google is one of the biggest and used search engine in the World Wide Web. Google allows one to search for websites, videos, images, and even news without leaving your seat at home. The search engine allows one to become mobile without getting up from your seat.

The Bucket List

Today in class we discussed about the word mobility. During our class discussion, the teacher had a question for the class. Essentially, he tried to ask why people see sky diving as something that should be put on a person's "to do before I die" list. When my fellow classmates gave their answers and opinions, a movie that I recently watched came to mind; that movie was The Bucket List. "The Bucket List" is a movie about two old men who were both diagnosed with cancer and share a hospital room. One is a hard working mechanic and the other is a wealthy owner of several hospitals. The mechanic decides to make a "bucket list," a list of all the things he wants to do before he kicks the bucket. The wealthy of the two men decides to take the other man and complete his bucket list. The first thing they do on their bucket list was sky diving. The wealthy man jumps off the plane whole heartedly while the other man is hesitant and is pushed out by the professional sky diver strapped behind him. The wealthy man takes in as much as he can during his free fall while the other man is screaming and terrified while in the air, causing him to pull his shoot prematurely. They continue to do everything on the list such as riding a motorcycle through the Great Wall of China and fly above the polar ice caps. The movie ends with both men passing away but not before both of them touching each other's lives in a unique way that changes their perspectives on life. My fellow classmates discussed how people want to sky dive before a person becomes too old to. I believe that a person is never too old to do the things they want such as sky diving or even getting a tattoo. All a person needs to do all these things is time and money. A person can go sky diving at any age or even get a tattoo when he or she is fifty or sixty years old.

Club Rain in Las Vegas

I am standing in club Rain in the Palms Hotel. This is the club that the birthday boy wanted to go to during our stay in Las Vegas. We paid one hundred and twenty dollars to be picked up from our hotel in a stretch limo and escorted into the club without waiting. The club had two open bars and one private bar for VIP members. The dance floor was in the shape of a big circle with four VIP sections on the corners of the dance floor. There was a second floor that was blocked off by security that was also a VIP section. There were several dozen bouncers and security members walking through the club with bright L.E.D. flashlights. What surprises me that every drink that I saw on people's hands were A.M.F.'s or Tokyo Iced Teas. Back in San Francisco, these two drinks were eight dollars averaged at bars, but at the clubs in Las Vegas they were twelve dollars and fifty cents. The male to female ratio in the club was not one to one, more males then females. Thus, the testosterone in the club was heightened due to the lack of females. This resulted in numerous amounts of men looking at women who were dancing by themselves while the men tried to dance with them. This attempt from numerous men failed with my friend's and my group of girls because my friends and I would stop the random men from dancing with our female friends by surrounding our female friends. It fascinates me whenever a guy would try to dance with a random group of girls but only get rejected and try again several times throughout the night. I do not understand the mentality of men at clubs when they try several times to dance with the same group of girls thinking the next time they try they will be able to dance with them. My theory is that these type of men, under the influence of alcohol, will have a chance to dance with a group of women if they try hard enough.

Does History Repeat Itself?

Lately I have been hearing my friends say that he or she has bad luck finding a loyal boyfriend/girlfriend. Being bitter and hurt, my friends tend to say that they "always get the short end of the stick" when it comes to relationships. I do believe that there is a special someone out there for everyone, but finding that special someone takes time and several tries. It is rare that a person finds their soul mate after his/her first try. There is a misconception when a person one is dating does not feel the same way you do, that history repeats itself and that person is once again been screwed over. History did not repeat itself for that person who got screwed over; rather that person has allowed him/herself to be hurt again. Sometimes a person just wants to be in a relationship so badly for find that special someone as soon as possible that he/she opens themselves too much too quickly while dating or in a relationship. On the other hand, if a person has been hurt too many times, that person will be reluctant to open themselves at all and that hinders a relationship as well. One may believe that history has repeated itself because he/she has allowed it to repeat. One needs to learn from his/her mistakes from a previous relationship and take that knowledge into the next relationship. Experience may help one in a new relationship but also knowing that each relationship is different. With each relationship a person takes in new experiences and knew knowledge on how to deal with not getting hurt. Every person who has dated around learns that history may seem to repeat itself, but each experience is different because each relationship is with a different and unique person.

History spawns evolution

Today in class the class discussed about the word history. A classmate brought up an interesting point about how one reality show spawned more reality shows because of the popularity of reality shows. Newer reality shows have come from the first reality show and that chain reaction is the same for the Nike Jordan shoe. The first show in the Jordan line was the Jordan I. As the saying goes, "History repeats itself" and Nike created more Jordan lines from the Jordan I to the Jordan 23. Nike's innovations allowed the company to create a whole line of shoes based on a basketball legend which from an enormous amount of funds. Nike also realizing that the historical Jordan shoes had such success and popularity, the company decided to recreate several Jordan shoes calling them "retros." In a sense i do believe that history spawns evolution. But in terms of companies such as Nike, the company has adapted to what is popular and has taken its popular shoes from its history to adapt and grow. Without adapting to what shoe fanatics want, Nike would not be the multi-million dollar business it is today.

Another subject that has taken its history to grow is the movie sequel Star Wars. The first Star Wars movie came out in 1977. Two more Star Wars movies would later complete the trilogy. George Lucas, being the genius that he is, decided to create three more movies adding onto the Star Wars movies. The three later movies did not add to the sequel; the older Star Wars trilogy were episode 4-6, and the newer Star Wars trilogy were episode 1-3. Lucasfilms created three new movies to tell the history of the original Star Wars trilogy. George Lucas and his company looked into its historical films to create a trilogy that was even more popular the the original. Thus, history spawns evolution, and companies adapt from its history.

Does bottled liquids people purchase depend on its appeal?

During class today the class discussed the key word, consumption. Someone brought up the interesting statement that i found intriguing; someone said "I would rather buy a bottle of Dasani water then a bottle of Kirkland water because the Dasani bottle has a more appealing bottle." I never realized that the appeal of a product would be a factor of a purchase, even for bottled water. If the statement that a classmate said was true, then I believe that looks can be deceiving. Most of the more appealing designs of bottled products are more expensive then the generic brand. For example, Voss water has a sleek glass bottle that cost four times more then the generic more plane Kirkland bottled water. Personally, when i tried Voss water, it did not taste water to me; it was quite disgusting in my opinion. The class discussed the relationship between need and want and how these two words connected to consumption. The media has influenced society to believe that a more appealing product is a better product then a generic brand. People believe that they need the more appealing bottled water, but in reality they choose the more appealing bottled water because they want it. Another example of this is the comparison of Kirkland Vodka and a higher end vodka such as Grey Goose. If a person was given the option whether to drink Grey Goose or Kirkland Vodka, i would think that person would choose Grey Goose. People would choose to drink Grey Goose because it comes in a tall bottle with very appealing designs compared to the signature Kirkland Vodka bottle. But the fact that not many people know about is that Kirkland Vodka uses the same vodka that Grey Goose uses, Kirkland Vodka is just distilled differently. Thus, both vodka's are essentially the same vodka but Kirkland Vodka is must cheaper. People tend to choose Grey Goose over Kirkland because Grey Goose is seen as a high end Vodka. Thus, looks can be deceiving, especially with bottled products.

Countdown to Vegas

On July 3rd, 2008 my friends and i will be going to the sin city, Las Vegas for my friend's 21st birthday. As the days countdown and it gets closer to traveling to Las Vegas, i start to anticipate if the rumors about how crazy Las Vegas is are true. All my friends have been raving and getting anxious to go to Las Vegas for the first time. Surprisingly their excitement has not rubbed off onto me but i think i will show my true reaction when we are actually out of the plane and at Las Vegas. I wonder if the saying is true, that "whatever happens in Vegas, stays in Vegas" and i wonder if my friends will take that to heart. I personally do not think i have it in me to drop all of my morals and go crazy for a few days just because I am in the sin city. Do not mistaken me, I know how to have a good time just like the next person, but i know how to have a good time more responsibly then people would like to believe. I take enjoyment by being with my friends and watching the ridiculous antics they pull while they are intoxicated or sober. Knowing my friends, they have been anticipating this day since the day we bought our plane tickets. It will be a sight to see to view my friends enjoying themselves and going "buck wild" in Las Vegas.

It's too hot to do homework, but it must be done

My group decided to take one word, identity, and choose other words to describe our theme word. our words to describe our theme word are ideology, race, image, sexuality, and identity itself. The word i chose to describe identity was ideology. In my last post i described how the word ideology was explained in the text book and how it was connected to identity. I believe that more then five words can explain the true meaning of the worth identity. i believe that identity is a strong word but it has been forgotten through time. Do not get me wrong, race, image, ideology and sexuality do describe identity, but just five words do not bring justice to describe any word. When i think of the word identity, i see the daily struggle for a person to be unique. During the school year when i walk to and from class, i see the endless amount of people trying to be different from the person next to them. Identity can be taken into account with everything one see's. Identity not only explains the uniqueness of a person but as objects as well. For example, you see so many different brands of bikes and the different design of it, but essentially they are all bikes.

Identity = ideology ?

My group decided to center our theme around the word Identity. Each person in our group was assigned another word and connect each person's word to the theme word, identity. The word that was assigned to me was Ideology. The UWP 101 text book defines ideology as the theory of the origin and development of ideas. In my opinion, when i first read this definition, i was compelled to give up on reading the rest of the two pages explaining the word ideology. But for the sake of helping my group, i forced myself to read the rest of the section. The text book explains that ideas of the ruling class of a particular region is at the same time its ruling intellectual force. I believe the text book is trying to explain that the government or ruling class of a particular body of people influences their beliefs and ideology upon the rest of the population. I found this hard to believe because every group of people have different ideals. Take for example the United States, there are Democrats and Republicans, Conservatives and Liberals, etc. The views of the ruling body does not always influence the rest of its people. One person's ideology cannot be controlled by its government unless forced upon that person. Even if an ideology is force upon a person, there will always be a struggle to not comply. On another note, a person's ideology is incorporated into his or her identity. A person's identity is what makes that person unique, and there is no two people that have the same qualities that make that person who he or she is.

First Day of UWP 101

The first day of UWP 101 ended early. As i exited Storer hall, my friend from San Francisco drove up to visit his girlfriend and called me to go eat lunch. I was hungry so i decided to go eat lunch and come back to campus later to obtain the text book. After lunch at Fuji's on G street, my friend and I proceeded to go to his girlfriend's apartment to handle some subleasing paperwork. My friend and I were left at the University Mall to walk around for about an hour. As we entered Gottschalks, a clothing store, i encountered a used text book store within the University Mall complex. Walking through the used book store, i examined the different UWP sections and forgot what section i was enrolled in. After looking at all the books each UWP section had, i spotted the text book that my section required. The text book was only twenty dollars and figuring that I did not want to drive back to campus, i decided to buy the text book at that store. I was glad that i did not have to drive back to campus to obtain the book and that the text book at the used book store was fifteen dollars cheaper at the used book store.